💥 This single equation makes dark matter, dark energy, and other Universe anomalies disappear

The Universe still holds many mysteries, and among the most intriguing are these invisible components known as dark matter and dark energy. For decades, astronomers have estimated that they constitute the majority of the cosmos, but a recent approach challenges this established view by proposing a very different explanation.

According to research led by Rajendra Gupta from the University of Ottawa, the fundamental forces that govern our Universe, such as gravity, could be gradually weakening over time. This gradual decrease would create effects that strangely resemble those attributed to dark matter and dark energy.

For example, the accelerated expansion of the Universe, often blamed on dark energy, could simply result from this weakening of forces. Similarly, the movements of stars in galaxies, which usually require the presence of dark matter to be explained, could be due to local variations in these physical constants.



Rajendra Gupta specifies that the forces of the Universe weaken on average as it expands. This weakening gives the impression of a mysterious push accelerating the expansion, identified as dark energy. However, at the scale of galaxies and galactic clusters, the variation of these forces in gravitationally bound space produces additional gravity attributed to dark matter. These phenomena could therefore be illusions emerging from an evolution of what we consider as constants defining the strength of fundamental interactions.

The originality of this approach lies in its ability to explain two distinct phenomena with the same equation. On one hand, at the cosmological scale, where the Universe is considered homogeneous over vast distances, and on the other hand, at the astrophysical scale, where the distribution of matter is irregular. The standard model requires different equations for dark matter and dark energy, whereas this new theory unifies the explanations without resorting to these entities.

In this model, a parameter noted α appears when the coupling constants evolve. This α acts as an additional component in the gravitational equations, producing effects similar to those attributed to dark matter and dark energy. At the cosmological scale, α is treated as a constant, but locally, in a galaxy, it varies depending on the distribution of standard matter. Thus, where detectable matter is abundant, the additional gravitational effect is lesser, and conversely in low-density regions.

This perspective could solve some major astronomical enigmas, such as the rapid formation of massive galaxies in the young Universe. By stretching the Universe's timeline, almost doubling its age, the model can explain the early appearance of complex structures without invoking exotic particles. This challenges decades of research on dark matter, suggesting that the greatest cosmic secrets might be illusions created by the evolution of natural constants.

The evolution of fundamental constants

Fundamental constants, such as the gravitational constant G or the speed of light c, are values considered fixed in classical physics. They determine the strength of forces and the properties of the Universe. The idea that they could vary in time or space is not new, but it is gaining credibility with advanced cosmological models.

If these constants change, it directly affects how matter interacts. For example, a weakening of gravity over time could explain why the expansion of the Universe seems to accelerate, without requiring a mysterious dark energy. Local variations could also modify galaxy dynamics, making the dark matter hypothesis superfluous.

Laboratory experiments and astronomical observations are attempting to measure these variations. So far, no conclusive evidence has emerged, but detection limits are becoming more refined. If changes are confirmed, it would revolutionize our understanding of physical laws, showing that they are not immutable but evolve with the Universe.

This perspective opens up research avenues, linking cosmology to fundamental physics. It suggests that the Universe could be more dynamic than expected, with constants that adapt to its history, offering an elegant alternative to invisible entities.