Researchers have found a way to controllably and reversibly manipulate the electronic properties of a quantum material. This breakthrough paves the way for a new generation of faster, more compact, and more efficient electronic devices. We're talking about a 1000-fold improvement. That's right.
The team at Northeastern University used a method called thermal quenching, combining precise heating and cooling. This technique allows switching a material between a conductive (metallic) state and an insulating state as needed.
Illustration image from Pixabay
The studied material, 1T-TaS₂, is a quantum compound well-known for its electronic behaviors. By exposing it to light at room temperature, researchers induced a hidden metallic state that remained stable for several months. An unprecedented result in this field.
According to Gregory Fiete, physics professor, this advance could eliminate the need for interfaces between different materials. A single material, whose state is modulated by light or temperature, might be sufficient. Such simplification could profoundly streamline electronic component design.
Until now, similar attempts faced major obstacles: unstable states, requirements for extremely low temperatures, or too-short lifespans. The proposed method overcomes these limitations.
Published in
Nature Physics, this research opens new avenues for materials engineering and microelectronics, at a time when silicon's limitations are becoming increasingly constraining.
How does thermal quenching work?
Thermal quenching involves heating a material, then rapidly cooling it. This process alters its internal electronic structure, allowing it to reach a desired metallic or insulating state.
The key to success lies in precise control of temperature and exposure time. Unlike previous approaches, this technique doesn't require extreme conditions like cryogenic temperatures.
It's also reversible: the material can return to its initial state without degradation. It's this stability that makes the technique promising for practical electronics applications.
What is a quantum material?
A quantum material is one whose electronic properties can't be explained by classical physics. It often exhibits collective effects like superconductivity, the quantum Hall effect, or state changes induced by weak stimuli.
1T-TaS₂ belongs to this category. It's sensitive to light, pressure, and temperature, making it ideal for exploring controlled electronic transitions.
These materials are at the heart of research into tomorrow's electronics, quantum computers, and even some advanced storage devices. Northeastern University's work represents a decisive step toward their integration into practical, accessible technologies.