Waist circumference may be a much more reliable indicator of heart risks than body mass index (BMI).
Excess abdominal fat, even in people of normal weight, significantly increases the dangers to the heart. This result comes from a study presented at the
American Heart Association 2026 Scientific Sessions.
Unsplash illustration image
Visceral fat, located around internal organs such as the liver and intestines, is distinct from subcutaneous fat found under the skin. Unlike the latter, it is very metabolically active. It continuously releases substances such as free fatty acids and cytokines into the bloodstream.
These substances contribute to chronic inflammation throughout the body. This persistent inflammation can alter the immune response and promote oxidative stress, which harms cellular health. The effects are particularly detrimental to the cardiovascular system: this inflammatory process can damage blood vessels and affect heart function, creating an environment conducive to heart problems.
Measurements like waist circumference or waist-to-height ratio have shown a stronger correlation with the onset of heart failure than BMI. Out of 112 cases observed, these parameters were significantly more predictive, indicating the importance of fat location rather than total amount.
These findings could change preventive medical practices. Incorporating waist circumference measurement into routine assessments could help identify at-risk individuals earlier.