Tropical thunderstorms hide unsuspected phenomena. Recently, a technological advance has enabled exploration of the radioactive nature of these atmospheric disturbances.
An innovative study has revealed that tropical storms generate gamma ray emissions far more frequently than previously assumed. This discovery, based on close observations, reshapes our understanding of atmospheric radioactivity.
By flying over massive tropical thunderstorms, a modernized U2 spy plane discovered that a phenomenon producing gamma-ray bursts is much more common—and more complex—than previously thought.
A modernized NASA spy plane was used to fly over these storms. This flying laboratory enabled the detection of gamma ray flashes, uncovering unexpected nuclear activity. The results highlight a constant production dynamic within thunderstorms.
Lightning, often seen as the most energetic part of storms, is only one facet of this process. In reality, gamma radiation emitted is the result of collisions between particles accelerated by intense electric fields. These collisions trigger nuclear reactions that generate antimatter and radiation.
Researchers have identified two new types of gamma ray emissions. The first is characterized by a very short duration, manifesting in brief pulses of less than one-thousandth of a second. In contrast, the second type occurs in sequences of about ten emissions, repeated over a tenth of a second.
These glow emissions, sometimes persisting for several hours, light up the storm, revealing a dynamic of continuous emission. These new observations could profoundly alter our understanding of the mechanisms within tropical storms.
Despite these discoveries, scientists emphasize that there is no cause for concern. The amount of radiation emitted is only dangerous if one is in the immediate proximity of the storms. Airplanes avoid the most turbulent regions of storms to ensure flight safety.
The implications of this research go beyond simple storm observation. Understanding gamma ray production could improve weather forecasts and enhance air travel safety. The results also open up perspectives on clean energy.
Earlier research had already identified gamma ray emissions in storms, but their frequency remained uncertain. This flying laboratory unveiled an astonishing regularity in the production of these radiations, exceeding all expectations of the researchers.
What are the mechanisms behind gamma ray production in thunderstorms?
Gamma rays in thunderstorms are generated by a process linked to the electric fields created by air movements. When a storm forms, air currents drive water droplets and ice crystals, causing a separation of electrical charges. This phenomenon creates a powerful electric field capable of accelerating charged particles, particularly electrons, to near-light speeds.
When these electrons collide with air molecules, they trigger nuclear reactions, leading to the production of gamma rays. The electrical interactions within the clouds thus play a key role in the creation of these radioactive emissions.
Author of the article: Cédric DEPOND