A millennial tree, forgotten for centuries, is reemerging from Israel's deserts. It could potentially reveal unsuspected medicinal virtues. Its origins remain mysterious, and its future captivates scientists.
Under the name 'Sheba,' this tree, resurrected from a millennial seed, is attracting researchers. But does it belong to an extinct species mentioned in biblical texts? The answers are slowly coming to light.
(a) ancient seed before planting
(b) developing seed at 5 weeks showing the epicotyl and developing cotyledons covered by the seed coat
(c) seedling (6 months)
(d) peeling bark (12 years)
(e) leaves showing fine hairs (12 years)
(f) mature tree (12 years).
Discovered in a cave in the Judean desert in the late 1980s, this specimen was planted in 2010 and grew under controlled conditions. Its slow development now allows researchers to analyze its biological characteristics in detail. Using DNA and chemical analysis techniques, the team was able to classify the tree within the genus
Commiphora, the myrrh family. However, its links to existing species remain unclear until it produces flowers.
First associated with the "balm of Judea," mentioned in the Bible,
Sheba surprised scientists with the absence of aromatic compounds, leading them to refute this initial hypothesis. Nevertheless, scientists have identified molecules with medicinal properties, suggesting another hypothesis.
The tree could be the origin of the "tsori," a resin cited in the Bible that was believed to have healing properties. Several religious texts mention this substance without fully revealing its exact origins.
The team detected the presence of pentacyclic triterpenoids and squalene in its leaves and resin. Pentacyclic triterpenoids, part of a large class of organic compounds, are known for their multiple therapeutic properties. In addition to their anti-inflammatory activity, they have shown anticancer potential by inhibiting tumor cell growth in certain studies. These compounds are also often associated with liver-protective effects and reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Squalene, on the other hand, is a natural hydrocarbon found in various organisms, notably in fish oils and certain plants. Renowned for its antioxidant properties, it helps neutralize free radicals, thus contributing to cellular protection against oxidative stress.
Moreover, squalene is frequently used in cosmetic formulations for its moisturizing and soothing effects on the skin. These two types of compounds present in the
Sheba tree could therefore play an important role not only in traditional medicine but also in the development of new treatments and health products.
This discovery opens the door to further research, both on the medicinal effects of
Sheba and on its history. The link between this tree and ancient accounts could soon become clearer.
What is the biblical tsori?
Tsori is a resin mentioned several times in biblical texts. Often translated as "balm," this natural product is primarily associated with medicinal virtues. In Genesis, the Book of Jeremiah, and Ezekiel, it is described as a precious remedy.
Although its exact origin remains unclear, the region of Gilead, east of Jordan, is often mentioned. This rare substance was highly valued for its healing properties. However, no specific plant has been clearly identified as the source of
tsori to this day.
Recent research, including the study of the
Sheba tree, has advanced the hypothesis that this tree could be linked to
tsori. The presence of anti-inflammatory and anticancer compounds supports this hypothesis.
Article author: Cédric DEPOND