Teeth extracted without any apparent medical reason. A mysterious ritual practiced for millennia by the ancient Austronesian communities of Taiwan. Why did these men and women subject themselves to such suffering?
Beyond the pain, tooth extraction held cultural and social significance. A tradition with many layers, far removed from our modern perceptions.
Archaeologists have uncovered evidence of this practice at over 250 sites in Taiwan and Asia. Beginning 4,800 years ago, it persisted until the early 20th century. The teeth, often healthy, were extracted without anesthesia, and the cavities were filled with ashes to reduce bleeding. This procedure did not address a medical need but rather an aesthetic desire. According to researchers from the study published in
Archaeological Research in Asia, removing teeth distinguished humans from animals and enhanced physical beauty.
Tooth extraction also tested courage and marked the transition into adulthood or a new social status. By enduring this pain, individuals demonstrated their bravery to the community. Some reasons were more pragmatic. In cases of illness like tetanus, removing teeth could make it easier to eat and take medicine. An ingenious solution to an otherwise insurmountable medical challenge.
Researchers based their findings on archaeological reports and ethnological records from the 20th century. Radiocarbon dating provided a timeline for these practices, offering new insights into their duration and significance. This study reveals how these ancient societies used pain and physical appearance to express distinct cultural identities. A surprising use of dentition, markedly different from our modern approach.
The Austronesian tooth extraction practices in Taiwan provide a window into their beliefs and traditions. They remind us that the body, even when in pain, can serve as a powerful tool for social communication.
Article author: Cédric DEPOND